Презентация на тему: "Презентация по английскому языку "Heart""

Heart
The state budgetary professional education institution of the Healthcare Department of Moscow
«Medical college № 1».
Afromeeva Tatyana

The structures of the heart

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The structures of the heart
The heart is located almost in the center of the chest cavity and shifted somewhat to the left. Its weight is about 250-300 g.

The heart has four chambers – two Atria and two ventricles. Between the Atria and ventricles located butterfly valves, and the output from the ventricles into the arteries – the semilunar valves. Muscular wall of the ventricles much thicker than the walls of Atria.

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The structures of the heart
The heart wall has three-layer structure: The outer layer (epicardium) – consists of connective tissue. The middle layer (myocardium) – a powerful muscle layer. The inner layer (endocardium), the inner epithelial layer.

Сardiac cycle

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Сardiac cycle
1.Contraction (systole) of the Atria.

2. Contraction (systole) of the ventricles.

Lasts about 0.1 s. The ventricles are relaxed, the flap valves are open, semilunar valves closed. The blood from the Atria flows into the ventricles.
Lasts about 0.3 s. The Atria are relaxed, the flap valves are closed, semilunar valves are open. The blood from the ventricle enters the pulmonary artery and aorta.

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Сardiac cycle
3. Pause. Relaxation of the Atria and ventricles (diastole)

Lasts about 0.4 s. Butterfly valves are open, semilunar valves are closed. Blood from the veins enters the Atria and flows partly into the ventricles

Automaticity of the heart

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Automaticity of the heart
Automaticity – the ability of the heart to contract without external stimuli is influenced by impulses that arise in him.
Automaticity of the heart muscle provides the order of phases of the cardiac cycle.

Regulation of heart

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Regulation of heart
Nervous regulation

The sympathetic nervous system
strengthens the heart

The parasympathetic nervous system
weakens the heart

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Regulation of heart
Humoral regulation

Strengthen the heart

Inhibit the functioning of the heart

adrenal hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline); calcium ions
acetylcholine; potassium ions;

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